carbon

(化)炭素

(noun) A naturally abundant nonmetallic element that occurs in many inorganic and in all organic compounds, exists freely as graphite and diamond and as a constituent of coal, limestone, and petroleum, and is capable of chemical self-bonding to form an enormous number of chemically, biologically, and commercially important molecules. Atomic number 6; atomic weight 12.011; sublimation point above 3,500°C; boiling point 4,827°C; specific gravity of amorphous carbon 1.8 to 2.1, of diamond 3.15 to 3.53, of graphite 1.9 to 2.3; valence 2, 3, 4. See Table at element.
(noun) A sheet of carbon paper.
(noun) A carbon copy.
(noun) Electricity Either of two rods through which current flows to form an arc, as in lighting or welding.
(noun) Electricity A carbonaceous electrode in an electric cell.

Methods of extraction 1) by heat alone: thermal decomposition  silver oxide sliver + oxygen 2) by heating with carbon  copper +carbon copper + carbon oxide dioxide